999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999
Strait of Hormuz Iran's greatest source
of leverage; no retreat on sovereign
rights: Parliamentary speaker
June 30th, 10:19pm
(PressTV)
Iran's Parliament speaker identifies the Strait of Hormuz as
the Islamic Republic's principal strategic asset, stressing
that the country will not retreat from its sovereign rights
over the vital waterway.
Speaking in a televised interview on Tuesday, Mohammad
Baqer Qalibaf said a recently negotiated memorandum of
understanding between Iran and the US provides only a
temporary exemption from fees for maritime services
in the strait and does not alter Iran's position on
the issue of sovereignty.
“We are in talks, but we are READY for WAR"
"These are our territorial waters," he said. "We will not
allow the United States... to create controversy or
sophistry by claiming that Iran has militarized
the Strait of Hormuz."
He added that Iran "will never, under
any circumstances, retreat from
this position."
Qalibaf described the waterway as "a divine gift
that God granted us during this war" and
"our greatest instrument of power."
Iran -- closed the waterway to enemies and their allies
following the launch of the latest bout of unprovoked
US-Israeli aggression against the Islamic Republic.
It began exercising far stricter controls after US President
Donald Trump announced the continuation of an illegal
naval blockade of Iranian vessels and ports in
violation of the terms of a ceasefire
announced on April 7.
The official added that Clause Five of the memorandum
provides for Iran and Oman to jointly determine the
future administration and maritime services of
the strait -- in accordance with international
law and the sovereign rights of the littoral
states. "Iran and Oman -- have already
reached agreement on all the legal
and service-related matters,"
he said.
Qalibaf said Iran would not move to later stages of
implementing the memorandum until five core
provisions were fully executed.
"Until all five provisions of the understanding are fully
consolidated and finalized, Iran will not proceed to
the next stage of implementing the remaining
provisions," he said.
According to Qalibaf, those clauses cover the areas of
ending the wa...., restoring Lebanon's sovereignty,
lifting the US's illegal naval blockade against
Iran, reopening the Strait of Hormuz,
securing Iranian oil exports -- and
releasing frozen Iranian assets.
He added that the memorandum's Clause 13 stipulates
--- that implementation of the remaining clauses can
begin only after those marked as 1, 4, 5, 10, and
11 were fulfilled, referring to the provisions
he had just mentioned.
Lebanon remains immediate priority
The official said - Lebanon was the first priority - during
talks that have taken place so far towards examining
implementation of the MoU --- and arguing that the
memorandum --- places the country's territorial
sovereignty at the centre of implementation.
He reminded that the understanding requires an end to
military aggression against Lebanon, withdrawal of
occupying Israeli forces, and the return of
displaced civilians.
Qalibaf also noted that Iran, the US, and Lebanon had
agreed to establish a joint mechanism - to oversee
the implementation of the understanding and
restoration of Lebanon's sovereignty.
Iran and the US have already appointed representatives,
while Lebanon is expected to do the same -- before the
mechanism becomes operational, the official stated.
Talks as an 'instrument of struggle'
Rejecting suggestions that diplomacy represented
compromise, Qalibaf described talks... as an
extension of strategic confrontation.
"Negotiation.. is a method of struggle," he said, arguing
that diplomacy shifts confrontation away from costly
military engagement, while the country preserves
its deterrent capabilities.
He maintained that talks with adversaries should always
be conducted from a position of strength --- because
"military power ultimately underpins diplomacy's
legal authority."
Qalibaf further argued that military power and diplomacy
complement one another ---- rather than compete. "The
battlefield and diplomacy ---- are two blades of the
same pair of scissors," he said.
According to him, diplomacy becomes a rational necessity
when it can avoid damage without sacrificing national
interests. As a case in point, he cited the Lebanese
resistance movement Hezbollah's strategy of
combining military preparedness with
political engagement ------- saying
understandings are acceptable
--- only when they preserve
Lebanon's...... "dignity
and deterrence."
Contrast between Iran's approach
and US's ambitions.. for Lebanon
The official contrasted Iran's memorandum with a separate
US-backed so-called "framework agreement," arguing that
Tehran seeks to preserve Lebanon's independence, while
Washington aims to normalize Lebanon's relations with
the Israeli regime.
The US proposal, however, has not been accepted by the
Lebanese people, he added, noting that it would conflict
with Lebanon's constitution by formally enabling an
sraeli foothold in Lebanon and placing the
Lebanese army...... in a position of
"guaranteeing Israeli security."
Naval blockade and oil exports
Qalibaf described the lifting of the US's naval blockade
as evidence that diplomacy backed by military
leverage - had produced tangible results.
According to him, Clause Four of the understanding
required the US to begin lifting the blockade
immediately after the memorandum was
signed - and complete the process -
within 30 days.
He said implementation occurred much sooner after Iran
secured a commitment that Pakistani Prime Minister
hehbaz Sharif, acting as mediator, and Trump
would announce the end of the blockade
the same night the memorandum
was finalized.
"As a result.....the blockade ended well before the 30-day
deadline," he said, describing the outcome as proof of
"the power of both the battlefield and diplomacy."
Qalibaf added that Iran had exported more than 40 million
barrels of oil in less than two weeks following the lifting
of the blockade, presenting the increase as evidence
that implementation..... was already generating
economic benefits.
'Military power absolutely non-negotiable'
Addressing the legal framework of the memorandum, Qalibaf
questioned whether approval by the UN Security Council
would provide meaningful guarantees.
"Didn't Mr. Trump - tear up and disregard a UN resolution in
2017?" he asked, referring to the US's withdrawal from a
nuclear agreement between Iran and others - that had
been ratified by the Security Council.
Learning from such experiences, Iran ultimately relies
on its domestic capabilities rather than international
''guarantees''.
"Strong domestic capabilities and a strong position
on the ground ---- constitute the country's only
genuine guarantee," he said.
Qalibaf emphasized, therefore, that Iran's missile program
and military capabilities remain beyond the scope of any
talks and are "absolutely non-negotiable."
Nor will Iran negotiate its nuclear rights or regional
influence, he said. "Uranium enrichment is our
legitimate and inalienable right."
'Talks ....renewable'
Qalibaf said negotiators had established a renewable 60-day
timetable covering all 14 provisions of the memorandum,
with extensions possible .....until a final agreement
was reached.
According to him, talks would continue until all primary and
secondary sanctions imposed by the US and the Security
Council - were removed.
'Language of force - always at hand'
The official warned that if the memorandum's first
provision, namely ending the war, was violated,
Iran would respond accordingly.
"We negotiate in order to achieve our objectives,"
he said, "but wherever the language of reason
and the memorandum proves ineffective,
the language of force applies."
_______________________________________________
Lebanese parliament speaker vows
to block US-brokered agreement
with Israel
June 30th, 7:20pm
(PressTV)
Lebanese Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri has pledged
to lead political opposition --- to a controversial US-
mediated framework agreement with Israel ----
vowing to block its ratification in parliament.
In remarks to Elnashra on Tuesday -- Berri said he plans to
unite opponents of the proposed agreement into a broad
national bloc ---- capable of preventing its approval
by lawmakers.
"Those who drafted this document - will have to deal
with me - and a very large number of lawmakers,"
he warned.
Berri said he is working to prevent political
tensions from escalating into wider unrest.
The parliament speaker said he remains committed to
keeping the political dispute.. within constitutional
channels ..and preventing street protests calling
for the overthrow of the Lebanese government.
"I am trying to prevent an escalation of discontent that
could turn into an internal conflict threatening civil
peace," he said.
Berri, who also heads the Amal Movement, recalled
that Lebanon's parliament ---- rejected the May
17, 1983 agreement with Israel..... in 1984,
describing it as an "oppressive treaty."
He stated that the current proposal is "ten times
worse," saying its purpose is ------- "to provoke
internal strife."
Berri urged Prime Minister Nawaf Salam to withdraw
the proposed controversial agreement after Salam
called to thank him for helping prevent unrest in
Beirut on June 26 involving supporters of the
Hezbollah resistance movement.
Berri had earlier said the deal "is an imposition, not
an agreement that preserves Lebanon's rights,"
warning that its consequences..... would
be severe.
Berri's Amal Movement has also rejected the controversial
agreement, saying most of its provisions are detrimental
to Lebanon's national interests and serve the interests
of the Israeli regime.
US-backed deal -- favours Israel at expense of
Lebanon’s national interests: Amal Movement
Senior Hezbollah lawmaker Hassan Fadlallah has also
denounced the US-mediated framework agreement,
describing it as a "humiliation," a "disgrace," and
a virtual surrender of Lebanese sovereignty.
The lawmaker said the Lebanese government has “no
fear about selling out southern Lebanon and its
residents ...and exonerating the occupiers
from past, present, and future crimes.”
“Had Netanyahu himself drafted this agreement, he
could not have produced a better outcome than
the one the Lebanese government ------- in
coordination with the American side
-- has secured for him,” Fadlallah
said on Sunday.
The developments come as Israeli prime minister Benjamin
Netanyahu visited troops in southern Lebanon on Tuesday,
saying that the occupying forces would stay in the area.
Israeli troops continue to occupy a self-declared so-called
"security zone" extending about 10 kilometres ------- into
Lebanese territory.
Despite the ceasefire, the Israeli regime has continued to
bombard residential areas and civilian infrastructure
across southern Lebanon.
`
Since March 2, Israel has conducted an expanded offensive
in Lebanon, killing more than 4,247 people, injuring over
12,190, and displacing..... over 1.6 million individuals.
______________________________________________________
Pentagon plans US ground troop
deployment to force Hezbollah
disarmament: Report
June 30th, 2:34pm
(PressTV)
The Pentagon is, reportedly, preparing to deploy US ground
troops to Lebanon --- to implement the recently signed and
controversial US-brokered ''agreement'' between Lebanon
and Israel, which calls for the disarmament of Hezbollah.
Citing US officials, The Washington Post reported on Tuesday
that US forces would be stationed in Lebanon to monitor
compliance with the agreement by both Lebanon
and Israel.
According to the report, US troops.. would also
be deployed in the Israeli-occupied territories.
The newspaper added that officials from the US Central
Command (CENTCOM) would report any violations of
the so-called ceasefire agreement directly to the
Trump administration. It noted -- however, that
CENTCOM chief Admiral Brad Cooper would
not ---- take a direct role in overseeing
the agreement.
The report came as Cooper visited Beirut on Monday,
where he met Lebanese President Joseph Aoun and
Army Commander Rodolphe Haykal to discuss the
implementation of the agreement’s security
provisions. CENTCOM later said Cooper
also visited Israel during the trip.
Lebanese Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri says the
agreement signed in Washington, is an imposed
set of dictates rather than an agreement that
safeguards Lebanon.
The agreement, signed in Washington last week, requires
the Lebanese army.... to oversee the disarmament of
Hezbollah and other “non-state armed groups”
ahead of a phased Israeli "withdrawal"
from southern Lebanon.
Hezbollah has rejected the agreement as “null and void,”
warning that attempts to impose it ---- could trigger
internal unrest.
The resistance group reiterated on Monday - that it reserves
the right to self-defense as Israeli forces continue attacks
on southern Lebanon in blatant violation of the ceasefire.
Hezbollah Secretary-General Sheikh Naim Qassem has also
described the US-brokered agreement as “a gratuitous
concession” to Israel and “a stab in the back of
the resistance.”
Instead, he called for the implementation of the Iran-US
memorandum of understanding (MoU) --- whose first
provision calls for a permanent end to hostilities
across all fronts, including Lebanon.
Iran has repeatedly urged the United States to compel Israel
to halt its attacks on Lebanon and fully withdraw from the
areas it occupies under a Tehran-Washington agreement
signed on June 17.
Tehran has maintained that all provisions of the MoU,
including those relating to Lebanon, must be
fully implemented.
____________________________________________
Mission unaccomplished – Part VII:
US war goal shrank from ''ending
Iran's civilization''.... to just
reopening Hormuz Strait
June 30th, 2:05pm
By Press TV Website Staff
The Strait of Hormuz has long been described.... as the world's
most vital maritime chokepoint - situated between the Persian
Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, effectively within Iranian territorial
waters. Approximately 20% of global petroleum consumption
passes through its narrow waters, making it an artery of the
global economy.
But for Iran, the Strait is far more than a strategic waterway. It
is the ultimate expression of sovereignty - the most powerful
instrument of deterrence, and the strategic trump card that
forced the United States to acknowledge a new regional
reality - after the recent war.
Throughout the 40-day war - imposed on Iran, the Strait of
Hormuz emerged as the decisive factor that transformed
battlefield gains ........into diplomatic leverage for the
Islamic Republic.
It was closed from a position of Iranian authority immediately
after the US-Israeli war machine resorted to unprovoked and
illegal military aggression ...amidst nuclear talks.
It was reopened, from a position of Iranian authority, after
the Iranian and US presidents signed a memorandum of
understanding to formally end the US-Israeli war ----
on all fronts.
And in both acts, Tehran demonstrated that control over this
critical energy route belongs unequivocally to the Islamic
Republic, not to the United States, not to its allies, and
not to any international arrangement that fails to
recognize Iran's sovereign rights.
The imposed war made this clear, and
the memorandum of understanding
formalized it.
The strategic significance of the Strait
For decades, US strategists assumed that the Strait of Hormuz
could be secured through military might, that the presence of
the US Fifth Fleet in Bahrain, the network of occupation
bases across the Persian Gulf, and the projection of
US naval power would guarantee the free flow of
oil ...regardless of Iran's preferences.
This assumption ---- was always flawed,
and the recent war exposed its fallacy.
The Strait of Hormuz is not merely a body of water, but the
gateway through which the energy wealth of the Persian
Gulf reaches global markets – from South Asia to Europe
and beyond. Each tanker that passes through its waters
bears not just oil but the economic vitality of countries
dependent on these energy exports.
Control over this chokepoint translates into leverage over
global energy prices, economic stability, & the strategic
calculations of every major power. Iran's geographic
position, straddling the Strait along its entire
northern coast, grants it a natural
advantage - that no amount of
US military hardware....
can neutralize.
When Iran closed the Strait during the recent imposed war, the
global oil markets reacted with immediate - and sustained -
shock. Prices surged dramatically and supply chains
were disrupted. The economic consequences
rippled across continents, reminding the
world that the stability of the global
energy system ------- rests on US
behaviour in the region.
The reopening: A concession, not a gift
The reopening of the Strait was not a unilateral concession
from Iran. It was the outcome of a strategic calculation in
which Iran secured tangible benefits for restoring the
energy route.
The United States.. having failed to achieve its military
objectives and facing mounting economic pressure at
home, found itself in a position - where it needed the
Strait reopened far more than Iran needed it closed.
This asymmetry of urgency became the
foundation upon which Iran built
its negotiating leverage.
The MoU reflected this reality. Iran's sovereignty over the Strait
was not merely acknowledged, but it was formalized in clear
terms. The provisions governing maritime traffic, the
mechanisms for ensuring compliance, and the
recognition of Iran's rights were all shaped
by the strategic reality that the Strait of
Hormuz is not a global commons to be
managed by external powers ---- but
Iranian territorial waters, subject
to Iranian authority.
This represents a fundamental reversal of the strategic
dynamic that had prevailed for decades. In the past,
the US could threaten to close the Strait to Iran.
Today, Iran holds the power to open or close it,
and the US must negotiate..... to ensure its
continued accessibility. The shift.... is not
merely tactical but structural. The Strait
of Hormuz is now a source of Iranian
power rather than a vulnerability to
be exploited by adversaries.
A card to consolidate battlefield gains
The Strait of Hormuz was never a negotiating tool --- but the
mechanism through which Iran consolidated its battlefield
achievements. Throughout the war, the Iranian forces
demonstrated their ability to strike US bases with
precision, to repel aggression, and --- to defend
Iranian territory against overwhelming odds.
But military success, however impressive,
must be translated into political
outcomes to be sustained.
The Strait ....provided
that translation.
By linking the reopening of the energy route - to the broader
terms of the understanding, Iran ensured that the strategic
gains achieved on the battlefield ---- were not lost at the
negotiating table. The terms of the understanding,
including the recognition of Iran's nuclear rights,
the preservation of its missile and drone
capabilities, and the commitment to
end hostilities on all fronts, were
all reinforced by Iran's control
over the Strait.
The message was clear: the US could not expect the free
flow of oil through the Strait ...while simultaneously
denying Iran its fundamental rights.
This integration of military capability and diplomatic
leverage represents one of the most sophisticated
strategic achievements in modern Iranian history.
The Strait of Hormuz ...thus serves - as a force multiplier
that enhances every aspect of Iran's strategic posture.
It provides Tehran ...with a sustainable means of
ensuring its security.. obtaining compensation
for war damages, and securing the country's
economic prosperity.
It transforms Iran from a reactive power into a determining
regional superpower capable of shaping the region's
political and economic trajectory.
The implications for regional security
The era in which ''external powers'' could impose their will on
the region without regard for Iranian interests - has
effectively ended. The Strait of Hormuz... now
serves as both a symbol and an instrument
of this new reality.
Every country that depends on Persian Gulf energy exports,
must now recognize that Iran's cooperation is essential for
stable access to global markets. Every power - that seeks
to project military force into the region must accept that
Iranian sovereignty over the Strait is a red line that can
not be crossed --- without a cost.
The understanding between Iran and the US has formalized
this new arrangement. But -- the true significance of the
Strait of Hormuz lies not in any diplomatic document
but in the strategic reality it represents.
Iran has demonstrated that it possesses the capability, the will,
and the strategic sophistication to use its geographic position
as a source of enduring power. The US, by contrast, has
demonstrated that its ability to project force into the
region... does not translate into control over the
region's most vital strategic assets.
A victory consolidated
The Strait of Hormuz ---- is now a strategic trump card that has
transformed Iran's military resilience into diplomatic leverage.
Its closure and reopening from a position of Iranian authority
has established a new strategic reality – Iran's sovereignty
over the Strait is non-negotiable, its control over the
energy route is absolute, and its willingness to
use this leverage ---- is beyond question.
The 40-day war may have been imposed on Iran... but what
happened after that ---- was dictated by Iran. Through the
intelligent and resolute exercise of sovereignty over the
Strait of Hormuz, Iran ------- has secured a position of
enduring strength that no amount of US military
pressure can reverse.
The energy route will work on Iranian terms from now on.
Even allies such as Oman cannot bypass these terms
and designate a corridor through it without taking
Iran into confidence. And that is the most
powerful message of all: in the new
regional order, power flows
through the Strait of
Hormuz, and Iran
holds the keys
to the gate.
_________________________________________
Israeli forces fire on civilian
homes in southern Syria
Damascus, June 30th, 11:22am
(Prensa Latina)
An Israeli force entered the west of the Syrian province of
Daraa today and opened fire on civilian homes, in a new
episode of tension in the border region.
According to Syrian state television Al-Ikhbariya, an Israeli
patrol ...arrived at a site located in the town of Maariya,
west of Deraa, from where it fired at several houses.
So far, the authorities have not reported any casualties
or material damage as a result of the attack.
The raid came less than 24 hours after Israeli forces opened
fire on civilians in the same province and shelled a village
with artillery shells .......as warplanes flew overhead.
The Syrian authorities have reported an increase in Israeli
military operations in the south of the country in recent
months, including ground incursions, house searches,
the installation of checkpoints and the detention
of civilians.
After the fall of Bashar Al-Assad's government on December
8, 2024, Israel declared the 1974 Separation of Forces
Agreement null and void and occupied the buffer
zone established between the two countries.
_________________________________________
Israeli army demolishes buildings
across Gaza ---- as ceasefire
violations continue
June 30th, 11am
(PressTV)
The Israeli army has demolished buildings and civilian
structures in northern and southern Gaza, as artillery
shelling and heavy gunfire were reported in multiple
areas, according to local sources and witnesses.
The demolitions occurred on Tuesday amid what
continuing Israeli violations of the ceasefire
that took effect on October 10, 2025.
According to local sources and witnesses, Israeli forces
carried out three large-scale demolition operations
targeting remaining homes and structures
northeast of the city of Khan Yunis
in the southern Gaza Strip.
The operations coincided... with heavy gunfire from Israeli
military vehicles. Witnesses also reported Israeli artillery
shelling northwest of the city of Rafah in southern Gaza.
In northern Gaza, witnesses said they heard a massive
explosion caused by an Israeli demolition operation
near the al-Sanafour junction in the al-Tuffah
neighbourhood, east of Gaza City.
Israeli military vehicles also opened heavy fire east of the
al-Tuffah and Shujaiya neighbourhoods in the city, while
residents reported additional explosions in areas
under Israeli control.
The latest demolitions come as Israeli forces
have expanded their control over parts of
the Gaza Strip - in recent weeks.
According to local accounts, the Israeli troops have moved
concrete barriers westward along the so-called "Yellow
Line," widening the restricted zone ------- and forcing
additional Palestinian residents to flee.
Israeli forces remain deployed along the zone, a security
buffer inside the Gaza Strip that prevents Palestinians
from accessing nearby areas.
Both the ceasefire and the zone were envisioned as part of a
US-proposed plan to supposedly end the war of genocide
that the Israeli regime had begun against Gaza -------
in October 2023.
The plan, however, stopped far short of securing necessary
commitments from the regime, which is currently reported
to be controlling over 70% of the Palestinian territory.
According to Gaza's health ministry, Israeli ceasefire
violations since the truce took effect.. have killed
1,045 Palestinians and injured 3,380 others,
most of them women and children.
The ministry also said that since October 8, 2023, when the
regime began the genocide, more than 73,000 Palestinians
have been killed --- and over 173,000 others wounded
across the coastal sliver --- while about 90% of
the territory's civilian infrastructure ..has
been destroyed.
_______________________________________________________
The story of the Palestinian journalist
who returned - with his skull scarred
Ramallah, June 30th, 10:31am
(Prensa Latina)
The photograph did not need filters or explanations. An image
by Palestinian journalist Mujahid Bani Mufleh was enough for
thousands of people to understand that the 14 months he
spent in an Israeli prison left scars that transcend
the body.
With part of his skull visibly damaged and a face very different
from the one his colleagues and family knew, Bani Mufleh
reappeared on his Instagram account ......after long
medical treatment.

The image, accompanied by extensive testimony, caused
a wave of shock among journalists, activists and social
media users, who considered it evidence of the
physical - and psychological - deterioration
reported by many Palestinian prisoners.
Originally from the town of Beita, south of Nablus, the reporter
said that he was arrested after a raid by Israeli forces on his
home in late June 2025 and later transferred to Menashe
prison, located in the Salem military complex in the
northern occupied West Bank.
In his post, he described not only the effects of prison
on his body, but also the transformation.. of his way
of understanding life.
"Fourteen months in prison and the long rehabilitation
process that followed.. were enough to change me
forever," he wrote.
He recalled that during the lockdown he understood "the
true meaning of hunger", going to bed and waking up in
pain from the scarcity of food and how a simple piece
of bread or a sip of cold water could become..... a
daily longing.
He also evoked the absolute loss of
control over his own existence.
"I learned the meaning of humiliation when others control
the details of your daily life: when you eat, when you
sleep, when you get up," he said, describing a
routine marked by deprivation
and dependency.
The journalist said that medical treatment became another
daily battle, where getting out of bed, walking a few steps
or breathing without pain represented personal victories
that he previously considered... daily acts.
"I realized that the blessings we took for granted were more
valuable than we imagined: a full meal, a restful night's
sleep, breathing painlessly, taking a step -- without
difficulty, and seeing the face of a loved one
without restrictions," he wrote.
For Bani Mufleh, those 14 months taught him: that "health is
a crown, that freedom is life and that dignity is not a minor
detail, but the very essence of a person".
His case puts a spotlight back on the situation
of Palestinian journalists detained by Israel.
According to the Palestinian Prisoners' Club, since the start of
the war in Gaza in October 2023, at least 193 Palestinian
journalists have been arrested or detained by Israeli
authorities, while many ---- remain imprisoned.
Palestinian organizations report that most face accusations of
"incitement" related to publications in the media or social
networks, and that others remain under administrative
detention ---- a mechanism that allows them to be
deprived of their liberty through confidential
files without an ordinary judicial process.
In the case of Gaza, the same organizations maintain that
Israel considers many journalists, as "illegal fighters", a
classification rejected by press freedom organizations,
which have denounced the high number of journalists
killed since the beginning of the military offensive.
The Israeli authorities have not commented, so far, on Bani
Mufleh's claims or on the circumstances of his arrest and
subsequent state of health. Israel repeatedly maintains
that its prisons operate in accordance with existing
law.. and that it investigates allegations of abuse
when there is evidence.
However, beyond the political and legal debate, the
photograph of the Palestinian journalist became a
symbol for many social media users.
In it, they say, not only appears a man who survived
prison, but the reflection of a story that statistics
can hardly tell: that of the human cost that the
practice of journalism can have.... in the
occupied Palestinian territories.